| (a) cognitive linguistics |
(l) parsing/generation |
| (b) discourse modeling |
(m) phonetics/phonology |
| (c) document database/large corpora |
(n) quantitative/qualitative linguistics |
| (d) electronic dictionaries |
(o) speech analysis/synthesis |
| (e) information retrieval |
(p) speech recognition/understanding |
| (f) language understanding |
(q) spoken dialog systems |
| (g) language processing over Internet |
(r) spoken language processing |
| (h) machine translation |
(s) syntax/semantics |
| (i) NLP and educational applications |
(t) Web information extraction |
| (j) morphology |
(u) Web corpora |
| (k) computer assisted language learning |
(v) others |