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Currently, vehicular sensor network (VSN) has been paid much attention for monitoring the physical world of urban areas. We have studied VSNs by utilizing about 4000 taxis and 1000 buses equipped with GPS-based mobile sensors in Shanghai to constitute a virtual vehicular sensor network. The communication-connection intermittence makes the routing issue nontrivial when delay-tolerant applications are deployed in VSNs. The existing DTN routing protocols can be categorized as "neighbor-oriented" and how to select a neighbor candidate was always neglected. In this paper, we present a new DTN routing protocol for Delay-Tolerant Vehicular Sensor Networks, Packet-Oriented Routing protocol (POR), which is designed to emphasize neighbor selection based on awareness of packets to be sent and in consideration of probability to complete transferring of these packets. Our results show that POR performs much better than the ordinary Epidemic routing, as well as other popular routing protocols applied in a similar setting.

Keywords: password, authentication, software token, cryptographic camouflage, guessing attack

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Received December 21, 2007; revised March 11 & April 15, 2008; accepted May 29, 2008.
Communicated by Ten-Hwang Lai.
^* This paper was partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under grants No. 60573138 and 60773091, the National Grand Fundamental Research 973 Program of China under grant No. 2006CB-303000, the National 863 Program under grant No. 2005aa122320, and National Science Foundation of U.S.A. under grant No. CNR-0626380, and was presented in part at the 51st IEEE Global Communications Conference, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2008.