Keywords: VANET, distributed, mobility-aware, clustering, scheme
Received March 31, 2009; accepted September 30, 2009.
Communicated by Chih-Yung Chang, Chien-Chung Shen, Xuemin (Sherman) Shen, and Yu-Chee Tseng.
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MIN SONG AND FILIP CUCKOV
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A.
Clustering is an effective method of topology control for wireless ad-hoc networks.
Clusters introduce a structure in a flat network and can guarantee some basic levels of
performance in presence of high mobility and large number of nodes. Therefore clusters
can effectively increase the network capacity by the spatial reuse of network resources.
Robust clustering schemes designed specifically for VANETs must address cluster stability
and the high-mobility exhibited by the nodes, while reducing communication and
computational costs. This paper presents a distributed multi-hop clustering scheme designed
for VANETs, which utilizes mobility information to generate a stable cluster
structure, maintained through the propagation of periodic DSRC safety messages. Our
scheme takes the directionality of VANET nodes into consideration, where clusters are
formed only between vehicles exhibiting a similar mobility pattern. Simulation results
confirm that the execution of our scheme, due to its features, increases the average cluster
lifetime and stability, and reduces the amount of communication and processing needed
to form stable cluster structures in VANETs.
Received March 31, 2009; accepted September 30, 2009.
Communicated by Chih-Yung Chang, Chien-Chung Shen, Xuemin (Sherman) Shen, and Yu-Chee Tseng.